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Richter's transformation
Richter's syndrome (RS), also known as Richter's transformation, is a transformation which occurs in about 5-10% of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy cell leukemia into a fast-growing diffuse large B cell lymphoma, a variety of non-Hodgkin lymphoma which is refractory to treatment and carries a bad prognosis. There is also a less common variant in which the CLL changes into a Hodgkin's lymphoma. Rarely, transformations to a form of myeloid leukemia have been observed. These extraordinarily rare transformations carry a very poor prognosis. 〔http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/ajh.20762/asset/20762_ftp.pdf;jsessionid=4E217BB2FC078FABE4C38F74570220E6.f02t01?v=1&t=ic4f96da&s=20ca91391d60f88f00e4da50b93d2f0131a3449e〕Richter's transformation affects about 5% of CLL patients at some point during their lives.
==Signs and symptoms==
Symptoms of Richter’s transformation in a CLL patient include fever (without infection), an elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase, and rapidly enlarging lymph nodes.〔 While about 8% of all CLL patients will have elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), more than 50% of CLL patients with Richter's transformation will have elevated LDH levels.
Richter's can appear suddenly, even in patients who were in remission.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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